Chapter 12 States Of Matter
Problem 1
Calculate the ratio of effusion rates for nitrogen $\left(\mathrm{Northward}_{2}\right)$ and neon (Ne).
Anna One thousand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 2
Summate the ratio of diffusion rates for carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
Anna One thousand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 3
Challenge What is the rate of effusion for a gas that has a tooth mass twice that of
a gas that effuses at a charge per unit of iii.6 $\mathrm{mol} / \mathrm{min}$ ?
Anna Chiliad.
Numerade Educator
Trouble four
What is the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in a mixture of hydrogen and helium if the
total pressure is 600 $\mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ and the partial pressure of helium is 439 $\mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg?}$
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem five
Discover the full pressure level for a mixture that contains four gases with fractional pressures of
$5.00 \mathrm{kPa}, four.56 \mathrm{kPa}, iii.02 \mathrm{kPa},$ and 1.20 $\mathrm{kPa}$
Anna Chiliad.
Numerade Educator
Problem 6
Notice the fractional force per unit area of carbon dioxide in a gas mixture with a total pressure of 30.4 $\mathrm{kPa}$ if the partial pressures of the other 2 gases in the mixture are 16.5 $\mathrm{kPa}$ and 3.seven $\mathrm{kPa}$ .
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem seven
Challenge Air is a mixture of gases. By percentage, it is roughly 78 percentage nitrogen,
21 percent oxygen, and one percent argon. (In that location are trace amounts of many other gases
in air. If the atmospheric pressure is 760 $\mathrm{mm}$ Hg, what are the partial pressures of
nitrogen, oxygen, and argon in the temper?
Anna 1000.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 8
Explain Use the kinetic theory to explain the behavior of gases.
Anna Chiliad.
Numerade Educator
Problem 9
Depict how the mass of a gas particle affects its rate of effusion and
diffusion.
Anna Thou.
Numerade Educator
Problem 10
Explain how gas pressure level is measured.
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 11
Explicate why the container of water must be inverted when a gas is collected by
displacement of water.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 12
Calculate Suppose two gases in a container take a total pressure of 1.twenty atm.
What is the pressure of Gas $B$ if the partial pressure of Gas A is 0.75 atm?
Anna Yard.
Numerade Educator
Problem thirteen
Infer whether or not temperature has any effect on the improvidence rate of a gas.
Explain your reply.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 14
Explain what determines a substance's state at a given
temperature.
Anna Chiliad.
Numerade Educator
Problem xv
Compare and dissimilarity intermolecular forces and describe intramolecular
forces.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 16
Evaluate Which of the molecules listed beneath can form hydrogen bonds? For
which of the molecules would dispersion forces be the but intermolecular strength?
Give reasons for your answers.
$$\text { a. }\mathrm{H}_{2} \quad \text { b. } \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{S} \quad \text { c. }
\mathrm{HCl} \quad \text { d. } \mathrm{HF}$$
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 17
Intepret Information In a methane molecule $\left(\mathrm{H}_{4}\right),$ in that location four unmarried covalent
bonds. In an octane molecule $\left(\mathrm{C}_{viii} \mathrm{H}_{18}\correct)$ , there are 25 single covalent bonds. How does the number of bonds affect the dispersion forces in samples of methane and octane? Which compound is a gas at room temperature? Which is a liquid?
Anna 1000.
Numerade Educator
Problem 18
Contrast the arrangement of particles in solids and liquids.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 19
Describe the factors that affect viscosity.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 20
Explain why soap and water are used to clean clothing instead of water lone.
Anna Chiliad.
Numerade Educator
Problem 21
Compare a unit jail cell and a crystal lattice.
Anna One thousand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 22
Depict the departure between a molecular solid and a covalent network solid.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 23
Explain why water forms a meniscus when it is in a graduated cylinder.
Anna Thou.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 24
Infer why the surface of mercury in a thermometer is convex, that is, the surface
is higher at the heart.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 25
Predict which solid is more than likely to exist amorphous - i formed past allowing
a molten material to cool slowly to room temperature one formed past quickly
cooling the same textile in an ice bath.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 26
Design an experiment to compare the relative abilities of h2o and isopropyl
booze to support skipping stones. Include a prediction nigh which liquid will
exist better, along with a brief explanation of your prediction.
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Problem 27
Explain how the addition or removal of energy tin cause a phase change.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 28
Explicate the divergence between the processes of melting and freezing.
Anna Chiliad.
Numerade Educator
Problem 29
Compare deposition and sublimation.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 30
Compare and contrast sublimation and evaporation.
Anna One thousand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 31
Depict the information that a stage diagram supplies.
Anna Thou.
Numerade Educator
Problem 32
Explain what the triple point and the critical point on a phase diagram represent.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 33
Determine the phase of h2o at $75.00^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and 3.00 atm using Figure 12.29
Anna G.
Numerade Educator
Problem 34
What is an elastic collision?
Anna Thou.
Numerade Educator
Problem 35
How does the kinetic free energy of particles vary as a function of temperature?
Anna Yard.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 36
Use the kinetic-molecular theory to explain the compression and expansion of gases.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 37
List the three basic assumptions of the kinetic-molecular
theory.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 38
Describe the common properties of gases.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 39
Compare diffusion and effusion. Explain the relationship between the rates of these processes and the tooth mass of a gas.
Anna Chiliad.
Numerade Educator
Problem 40
In Figure 12.31 , what happens to the density of gas particles in the cylinder equally the piston moves from Position A to Position B?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 41
Baking Explain why the blistering instructions on a box
of cake mix are different for high and low elevations.
Would you expect to have a longer or a shorter cooking
fourth dimension at a high superlative?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 42
What is the molar mass of a gas that takes 3 times
longer to effuse than helium?
Anna Chiliad.
Numerade Educator
Problem 43
What is the ratio of effusion rates of krypton and neon
at the same temperature and pressure?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 44
Calculate the molar mass of a gas that diffuses 3
times faster than oxygen under similar conditions.
Anna Thousand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 45
What is the partial pressure of h2o vapor in an air
sample when the total pressure is one.00 atm, the fractional
pressure of nitrogen is 0.79 atm, the partial pressure level of
oxygen is 0.20 atm, and the partial pressure level of all other
gases in air is 0.0044 atm?
Jennifer H.
Numerade Educator
Problem 46
What is the total gas pressure in a sealed flask that contains oxygen at a partial force per unit area of 0.41 atm and water vapor at a partial pressure of 0.58 atm?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 47
Mountain Climbing The pressure atop the world'due south
highest mountain, Mountain Everest, is unremarkably almost 33.half dozen
kPa. Convert the force per unit area to atmospheres. How does the
force per unit area compare with the pressure at sea level?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 48
High Altitude The atmospheric force per unit area in Denver, Colorado, is ordinarily about 84.0 $\mathrm{kP}$ a. What is this pres- sure in atm and torr units?
Anna One thousand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 49
At an sea depth of $76.2 \mathrm{k},$ the force per unit area is near
viii.4 $\mathrm{atm} .$ Convert the force per unit area to $\mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ and kPa units.
Anna 1000.
Numerade Educator
Trouble l
Figure 12.32 represents an experimental gear up-up in which
the left bulb is filled with chlorine gas and the right bulb
is filled with nitrogen gas. Depict what happens when
the stopcock is opened. Assume that the temperature of
the system is held constant during the experiment.
Anna One thousand.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 51
Explain the difference between a temporary dipole and a
permanent dipole.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 52
Why are dispersion forces weaker than dipole-dipole
forces?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 53
Explain why hydrogen bonds are stronger than most
dipole-dipole forces.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 54
Compare intramolecular and intermolecular forces.
Anna Thou.
Numerade Educator
Problem 55
Hypothesize why long, nonpolar molecules would interact more strongly with i another than spherical
nonpolar molecules of like composition.
Anna Yard.
Numerade Educator
Problem 56
Polar Molecules Utilize relative differences in electronegativity to characterization the ends of the polar molecules listed as partially positive or partially negative.
$$\quad \text { a. HF }\quad \text { b. HBr } \quad \text { c.NO } \quad \text { d. } C O$$
Anna 1000.
Numerade Educator
Problem 57
Draw the structure of the dipole-dipole interaction
betwixt 2 molecules of carbon monoxide.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 58
Make up one's mind which of the substances listed can grade
hydrogen bonds.
$$\mathbf{a} \cdot \mathrm{H}_{two} \mathrm{O} \quad \text { b. } \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2} \quad \text { c. HF } \quad \text { d. } \mathrm{NH}_{3}$$
Anna Thou.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 59
Decide which one of the molecules listed below can
form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, and then describe
information technology, showing several molecules attached together past
hydrogen bonds.
$$\quad \text { a. }\mathrm{NaCl}\quad \text { b. } \mathrm{MgCl}_{two} \quad \text { c. } \mathrm{H}_{ii} \mathrm{O}_{2} \quad \mathrm{d} . \mathrm{CO}_{2}$$
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Trouble lx
What is surface tension, and what conditions must exist
for it to occur?
Anna Grand.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 61
Explain why the surface of water in a graduated cylinder
is curved.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 62
Which liquid is more viscous at room temperature,
water or molasses? Explicate.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 63
Explain how two unlike forces play a role in capillary
action.
$$\begin{assortment}{c}{a=b \neq c} \\ {\alpha=\beta=90^{\circ}, \gamma=120^{\circ}} \\ {\text { Hexagonal }}\end{array}$$$$
\begin{array}{c}{a \neq b \neq c} \\ {\alpha=\gamma=90^{\circ} \neq \beta} \\ {\text { Monoclinic }}\end{assortment}
$$$$
\begin{array}{c}{a=b=c} \\ {\alpha=\beta=\gamma=ninety^{\circ}} \\ {\text { Cubic }}\stop{array}
$$
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Problem 64
Employ the drawings in Figure 12.33 to compare the cubic,
monoclinic, and hexagonal crystal systems.
Anna Grand.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 65
What is the divergence between a network solid and an
ionic solid?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 66
Explain why most metals bend when struck but nigh
ionic solids shatter.
Anna 1000.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 67
List the types of crystalline solids that are usually proficient
conductors of heat and electricity.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 68
How does the forcefulness of a liquid's intermolecular forces
affect its viscosity?
Anna Grand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 69
Explicate why water has a higher surface tension than
benzene, whose molecules are nonpolar.
Anna Yard.
Numerade Educator
Problem seventy
Compare the number of particles in one unit prison cell for
each of the following types of unit of measurement cells.
$$
\begin{array}{l}{\text { a. simple cubic }} \\ {\text { b. body-centered cubic }}\end{array}
$$
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Problem 71
Predict which solid is more probable to be baggy-
1 formed by cooling a molten material over 4 h at
room temperature or one formed by cooling a molten
textile chop-chop in an ice bath.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 72
Conductivity Predict which solid will conduct electricity meliorate-sugar or salt.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 73
Explain why ice floats in water only solid benzene sinks
in liquid benzene. Which beliefs is more "normal"?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 74
Given edge lengths and confront angles, predict the shape of
each of the following crystals.
$$
\brainstorm{aligned} \text { a. } & a=3 \mathrm{nm}, b=3 \mathrm{nm}, c=3 \mathrm{nm} ; \blastoff=90^{\circ}, \beta^{\circ}=xc \\ & \gamma=ninety^{\circ} \\ \text { b. } & a =4 \mathrm{nm}, b=three \mathrm{nm}, c=5 \mathrm{nm} ; \alpha=90^{\circ}, \beta^{\circ}=100 \\ & \gamma=xc^{\circ} \\ \text { c. } & a=iii \mathrm{nm}, b=iii \mathrm{nm}, c=v \mathrm{nm} ; \alpha=90^{\circ}, \beta^{\circ}=ninety \\ & \gamma=xc^{\circ} \\ \text { d. } a &=3 \mathrm{nm}, b=3 \mathrm{nm}, c=v \mathrm{nm} ; \blastoff=xc^{\circ}, \beta^{\circ}=xc \\ & \gamma=120^{\circ} \end{aligned}
$$
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Problem 75
How does sublimation differ from degradation?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 76
Compare boiling and evaporation.
Anna Grand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 77
Define the term melting point.
Anna Chiliad.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 78
Explain the relationships amongst vapor pressure, atmospheric pressure, and humid point.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 79
Explain why dew forms on cool mornings.
Anna Grand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 80
Snow Why does a pile of snow slowly shrink fifty-fifty on
days when the temperature never rises to a higher place the freezing point of water?
Anna G.
Numerade Educator
Problem 81
Re-create and label the solid, liquid, and gas phases, triple
bespeak, and critical signal on Figure 12.34
Anna Yard.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 82
Why does it take more energy to boil 10 $\mathrm{g}$ of liquid
water than to melt an equivalent mass of ice?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 83
Apply the kinetic-molecular theory to explain why both
gases and liquids are fluids.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 84
Use intermolecular forces to explain why oxygen is a gas
at room temperature and water is a liquid.
Anna One thousand.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 85
Utilise the kinetic-molecular theory to explain why gases
are easier to compress than liquids or solids.
Anna One thousand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 86
At $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and a pressure of $760 \mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg},$ the density of
mercury is 13.5 $\mathrm{thousand} / \mathrm{mL}$ ; water at the same temperature
and pressure has a density of i.00 $\mathrm{m} / \mathrm{mL}$ . Explain this
difference in terms of intermolecular forces and the
kinetic-molecular theory.
Anna Thou.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 87
If 2 identical containers each hold the aforementioned gas at the
aforementioned temperature but the force per unit area inside one container
is exactly twice that of the other container, what must be
true almost the corporeality of gas inside each container?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 88
List iii types of intermolecular forces.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 89
When solid sugar crystals are dissolved in a glass of
water, they class a clear homogeneous solution in which
the crystals are not visible. If the chalice is left out at
room temperature for a few days, the crystals reappear
in the bottom and on the sides of the glass. Is this an
example of freezing?
Anna Thousand.
Numerade Educator
Problem xc
Interpret Graphs Examine Figure $12.35,$ which plots
vapor pressure versus temperature for water and ethyl
alcohol.
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { a. What is the boiling point of water at } 1 \text { atm? }} \\ {\text { b. What is the boiling point of ethyl alcohol at } 1 \text { atm? }} \\ {\text { c. Approximate the temperature at which water will boil }} \\ {\text { when the atmospheric force per unit area is } 0.80 \text { atm. }}\end{assortment}$$
Anna Thousand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 91
Hypothesize What blazon of crystalline solid do y'all
predict would best suit the following needs?
$$
\brainstorm{assortment}{50}{\text { a. a material that tin can exist melted and reformed at a low }} \\ {\text { temperature }} \\ {\text { b. a material that can be drawn into long, thin wires }} \\ {\text { c. a material that conducts electricity when molten }} \\ {\text { d. an extremely hard material that is nonconductive }}\end{array}
$$
Anna One thousand.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 92
Compare and Contrast An air compressor uses energy to squeeze air particles together. When the air is released, information technology expands, allowing the energy to be used for purposes such equally gently cleaning surfaces without using a more abrasive liquid or solid. Hydraulic systems essentially work the same way, but involve pinch of liquid water rather than air. What do you retrieve are some advantages and disadvantages of these ii types of technology?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 93
Graph Apply Table 12.6 to construct a stage diagram for
ammonia.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 94
Apply A solid being heated stays at a constant temperature until it is completely melted. What happens to the heat energy put into the system during that time?
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 95
Communicate Which process-effusion or diffusion-
is responsible for your beingness able to odor perfume from
an open bottle that is located across the room from you lot?
Explain.
Anna Chiliad.
Numerade Educator
Problem 96
Infer A laboratory demonstration involves pouring
bromine vapors, which are a deep red color, into a flask
of air and then tightly sealing the summit of the flask. The
bromine is observed to first sink to the bottom of the
beaker. After several hours have passed, the crimson
colour is distributed equally throughout the flask.
$$
\brainstorm{array}{l}{\text { a. Is bromine gas more or less dumbo than air? }} \\ {\text { b. Would liquid bromine lengthened more than or less quickly }} \\ {\text { than gaseous bromine afterward you pour it into another }} \\ {\text { liquid? }}\end{assortment}
$$
Anna Grand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 97
Clarify Employ your knowledge of intermolecular forces
to predict whether ammonia (NH $_{three} )$ or marsh gas $\left(\mathrm{CH}_{iv}\correct)$
volition be more soluble in h2o.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 98
Evaluate List iii changes that crave energy and
three that release free energy.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 99
Evaluate Supercritical carbon dioxide is a liquid form
of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ used in the food manufacture to decaffeinate tea, coffee, and colas, also equally in the pharmaceutical industry
to course polymer microparticles used in drug delivery
systems. Use Effigy 12.36 to determine what conditions
must exist used to form supercritical carbon dioxide.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 100
You take a solution containing 135.ii yard of dissolved $\mathrm{KBr}$
in 2.3 $\mathrm{L}$ of water. What volume of this solution, in mL,
would you utilise to make 1.5 $\mathrm{L}$ of a 0.1 $\mathrm{mol} / \mathrm{L}$ KBr solu-
tion? What is the boiling signal of this new solution?
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Problem 101
Place each of the following as an element, a compound, a homogeneous mixture, or a heterogeneous mixture. (Chapter iii$)$
$$
\begin{assortment}{ll}{\text { a. air }} & {\text { d. ammonia }} \\ {\text { b. blood }} & {\text { e. mustard }} \\ {\text { c. antimony }} & {\text { f. water }}\end{array}
$$
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 102
You lot are given two clear, colorless aqueous solutions. You lot
are told that one solution contains an ionic compound,
and 1 contains a covalent compound. How could you
determine which is an ionic solution and which is a
covalent solution? (Affiliate 8)
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 103
Which branch of chemistry would near likely study
matter and phase changes? (Chapter i)
$$
\begin{array}{ll}{\text { a. biochemistry }} & {\text { c. physical chemical science }} \\ {\text { b. organic chemistry }} & {\text { d. polymer chemistry }}\end{array}
$$
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 104
What type of reaction is the following? (Chapter 9)
$$
\mathrm{Grand}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{BaCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{KCl}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{BaCO}_{3}(\mathrm{s})
$$
$$
\brainstorm{array}{ll}{\text { a. combustion }} & {\text { c. unmarried-replacement }} \\ {\text { b. double-replacement }} & {\text { d. synthesis }}\terminate{assortment}
$$
Anna Yard.
Numerade Educator
Problem 105
Which chemist produced the first widely used and
accepted periodic table? (Chapter 6$)$
$$
\begin{assortment}{ll}{\text { a. Dmitri Mendeleev }} & {\text { c. John Newlands }} \\ {\text { b. Henry Moseley }} & {\text { d. Lothar Meyer }}\finish{array}
$$
Anna Grand.
Numerade Educator
Problem 106
Musk is the bones ingredient of many perfumes,
soaps, shampoos, and even foods such as chocolates,
licorice, and hard candies. Both synthetic and natural
musk molecules accept loftier molecular weights compared to other perfume ingredients, and equally a result,
have a slower rate of improvidence, assuring a deadening, sustained release of fragrance. Write a report on the
chemistry of perfume ingredients, emphasizing the
importance of diffusion rate as a property of perfume.
Anna Grand.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 107
Birthstones Find out what your birthstone is and
write a brief report about the chemistry of that precious stone.
Notice out its chemic composition, which category its
unit cell is in, how hard and durable it is, and what its
approximate cost is at nowadays.
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 108
Propane gas is a ordinarily used heating fuel for gas
grills and homes. Even so, it is not packaged equally a gas.
It is liquefied and referred to as liquid propane or
"LP gas." Make a poster explaining the advantages
and disadvantages of storing and transporting propane every bit a liquid rather than a gas.
Anna M.
Numerade Educator
Problem 109
Other States of Matter Research and ready an oral
report nearly one of the following topics: plasma,
superfluids, fermionic condensate, or Bose-Einstein
condensate. Share your study with your classmates
and prepare a visual aid that can be used to explain
your topic.
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Problem 110
Jodine Solid iodine that is left at room temperature subli-
mates from a solid to a gas. But when heated quickly, a
different process takes place, equally described here.
"About 1 g of iodine crystals is placed in a sealed glass
ampoule and gently heated on a hot plate. A layer of purple
gas is formed at the bottom, and the iodine liquefies. If i
tilts the tube, this liquid flows forth the wall as a narrow
stream and solidifies very chop-chop".
$$\brainstorm{assortment}{50}{\text { Why does solid iodine sublime readily? Use your }} \\ {\text { knowledge of intermolecular forces to explain. }}\stop{array}$$
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Problem 111
Jodine Solid iodine that is left at room temperature subli-
mates from a solid to a gas. Just when heated speedily, a
different process takes place, as described here.
"About i g of iodine crystals is placed in a sealed glass
ampoule and gently heated on a hot plate. A layer of royal
gas is formed at the lesser, and the iodine liquefies. If one
tilts the tube, this liquid flows along the wall as a narrow
stream and solidifies very quickly".
$$\begin{array}{fifty}{\text { Why is liquid iodine not unremarkably visible if crystals are }} \\ {\text { heated in the open up air? }}\end{array}$$
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Problem 112
Jodine Solid iodine that is left at room temperature subli-
mates from a solid to a gas. Just when heated speedily, a
different process takes place, as described here.
"About 1 chiliad of iodine crystals is placed in a sealed drinking glass
ampoule and gently heated on a hot plate. A layer of royal
gas is formed at the lesser, and the iodine liquefies. If one
tilts the tube, this liquid flows along the wall equally a narrow
stream and solidifies very speedily".
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { Why is it necessary to apply a sealed ampoule in this }} \\ {\text { investigation? }}\end{assortment}$$
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Trouble 113
Jodine Solid iodine that is left at room temperature subli-
mates from a solid to a gas. But when heated speedily, a
different procedure takes identify, as described here.
"Nearly one thou of iodine crystals is placed in a sealed glass
ampoule and gently heated on a hot plate. A layer of majestic
gas is formed at the bottom, and the iodine liquefies. If one
tilts the tube, this liquid flows along the wall as a narrow
stream and solidifies very rapidly".
$$\text{Infer why the iodine solidifies when the tube is tilted}.$$
Caroline B.
Numerade Educator
Chapter 12 States Of Matter,
Source: https://www.numerade.com/books/chapter/states-of-matter/
Posted by: warrenwifichaved.blogspot.com
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